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Fire Automatic Detector

Packing Specification

 Fire Automatic Detector System Service Details:

1. Types of Service and Frequency

Fire alarm system service is a tiered process with different frequencies and responsibilities.

  • Weekly/Monthly Checks (User-Level): These are simple visual checks performed by a designated person on-site.
    • Inspect the main fire alarm control panel for any fault lights or indicators. The panel should be in a "normal" state.
    • Check for any signs of tampering or obstruction on detectors and manual pull stations.
    • Verify that the fire alarm log book is up-to-date.
  • Quarterly Inspections (Expert-Level): Many regulations (e.g., DIN 14675 in Germany) require a more detailed inspection every three months, which can be done by a trained, competent person.
    • Check all batteries and power supplies.
    • Inspect all system components for damage or soiling.
    • Check for any structural changes in the building that might affect the system's coverage.
  • Annual/Bi-Annual Professional Maintenance: This is a comprehensive, hands-on service performed by a certified fire alarm technician. In many cases, this is a legal requirement.
    • Annual: Required in many places, like the US (NFPA 72).
    • Bi-annual: Required in some countries, like the UK (BS 5839-1).

2. Key Aspects of Professional Service

A professional service goes beyond a visual inspection and includes a detailed testing and maintenance procedure for all system components.

  • Detector Testing and Calibration:
    • Smoke Detectors: Technicians will use a specialized aerosol to simulate smoke and test that the detector correctly enters an alarm state.
    • Heat Detectors: A heat gun is used to apply heat to the detector until it activates at its set temperature.
    • Multi-Criteria Detectors: These detectors, which use a combination of heat, smoke, and CO sensors, are tested to verify that all sensing elements are functioning correctly.
    • Sensitivity Testing: The technician will use a specific tool to measure the sensitivity of the smoke detector chamber. If the sensitivity has drifted outside the manufacturer's specified range due to dust or age, the detector will be cleaned or replaced.
  • Alarm and Notification Device Testing:
    • All audible (horns, bells, speakers) and visual (strobes) alarm devices are tested to ensure they are functioning and are not obstructed.
    • The sound levels of the alarms are often checked to ensure they meet the minimum decibel requirements for the area.
  • Control Panel and Power Supply Checks:
    • The fire alarm control panel is inspected for any fault logs, and the system's software is checked for the latest version.
    • The main power supply is verified, and the backup batteries are tested to ensure they can power the system for the required duration in an emergency. Batteries typically need to be replaced every 4-5 years.
  • Interface with Other Systems:
    • Fire alarm systems are often integrated with other building safety systems. The service will test these interfaces to ensure they are working correctly. This can include:
      • Releasing fire doors.
      • Recalling elevators to a safe floor.
      • Shutting down ventilation systems to prevent the spread of smoke.
      • Activating automatic fire suppression systems (e.g., sprinklers, gas suppression).
  • Documentation:
    • A detailed report is generated, including a list of every device tested and its "as-found" and "as-left" condition.
    • A Fire Alarm System Service Certificate is issued, which is a mandatory document for regulatory compliance and insurance purposes. The service log book is updated to record the date and details of the service.

3. Detector Replacement

Fire detectors, particularly smoke detectors, have a limited service life. Most manufacturers and regulations (e.g., NFPA 72) recommend that smoke detectors be replaced every 10 years, regardless of their apparent working condition, as their sensitivity can degrade over time.